Compressor



April 8 1924. I 1-,489,912

J. F. WINKLER COMPRESSOR Filed March 22. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet Patented Apr. 8, 1924.

- orreo STAT-ES 1,439,912 PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH F. WINKLER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

coivrrnnsson.

Application filed March 22, 1922. Serial No. 545,806.

relatively light inconstruction with a view to the avoidance of obj ectionableshock, wear and noise under operating conditions, the

invention including an arrangement of parts which shall be-conveniently accessible. for

inspection or replacement.

A further ob ect of my invention is to provide a compressor sodesigned as to have a minimum clearance and, which shall inelude a safety valve of novel arrangement and construction.

I also desire to provide a compressor having safety, discharge and suction valves assembled in a novel manner, particularly designed, in one form of my invention, to: avoid the use of a suction valve in'the piston,

and to reduce the likelihood of oil passing from the crank case 'to the discharge side of the compressor.

The invention; also contemplates anovel construction of safety head with suction and discharge valves so constructed and assembled as to reduce to a minimum the likelihood of damage to the compressor in case liquid shouldbe admitted to its cylinder.

These objects and other advantageous ends I attain as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,.in which,

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a portion of a cylinder and certain of its associated parts, constructed in accord ance with my invention; and

Fig. 2 isa longitudinal vertical section similar to Fig. 1 but illustrating a modified form of my device.

In the above drawings, 1- represents the cylinder of the compressor having formed inits walls a cavity 2 constituting a water latter.

take port'17 extends through the cylinder jacket and formed with its otherwise open end counterbored to form an annular seat 3 for a safety head 4:. The latter has an annular overhung portion normally held on I said seat by a relatively heavy spring 5 confined between its outer end and a cover 6 which isheld to the cylinder by bolts 7.

The seat 3 is preferably formed with annular serrations and said head 4, which is substantially cylindrical, extends into the cylinder, being internally threaded for the reception of an inwardly flanged sleeve 8 through whose flange are formed a series of inlet passages 9 and which has a flat annular face forming a valve-seat adjacent the lower ends of said passages. I The flange of the sleeve 8 has a centrally threaded opening through which is threaded the stem 10 of a retaining member 11 including an outwardly extended flange, preferably serrated, extending substantially parallel with but spaced away from the flat annular seat 12 of the sleeve 8. The stem 10 is rigidly held to the sleeve 8 by a nut 13 which in turn is locked in' position by a screw 14 extending partly in it and partly in the stem 10.

Mounted between the flange of the retaining member 11 and the seat 12 is an annular valve 15 preferably made up of a series of thin, metallic laminations, spot welded or otherwise permanently connected and preferably held slightly above the serrated surface of the member 11 by springs 16 in the In this form of my invention an inwall adjacent its outer or covered end so as open into the interior of the cover 6, and

there is mounted between the spring 5 and the outer ends of the elements 4 and 8 a suitable screen 18 to prevent passage of solid matter through the channels 9 into the cylinder. Also formed in the outer end of the cylinder wall is a discharge passage 19 opening into an annular port 20 concen trio with the bore of the cylinder immediately adjacent the outer end of an annular valve seat 21, which is threaded into and has the same internal diameter as the body or main portion of the cylinder.

\ The sleeve 8 also includes an outwardly extending flange 22 having a flat upper surface in the same plane as the adjacent flat end ofsaid ring 21, from which it is spaced to provide an annular openin port 20. The flow throughtlus opening or l 10 23 into the provided by the ring 21 and the outwardly passage is controlled by an annular valve 24,

which, like the valve 15, is preferably made up of thin metallic'laminations so that it is relatively light and therefor quiet in operation. Llght springs 25 no mally hold this valve on or-tend to move it toward the seat extending flange 22 of the member 8.

Any suitable imp erforate piston 26 .is mounted to reciprocate in the cylinder and has any desired number of packing rings 27 mounted in annular grooves and constructed in any suitable manner.

Under conditions of operation as the piston makes its inward or downward stroke in the cylinder, gaseous ammonia or other gas to bewompressed is drawn in through the inlet passage 17 through the screen 18 and passages 9 into said cylinder, the valve 15 moving into the position shown ih Fig. .1 to open said passages 9, while the valve 24 re .mains seated. On the return or outward Y stroke of the piston, the valve 15 at once closes and after the pressure in the cylin der has reached a sufficient magnitude, the

such liquid to be quickly forced out of the cylinder. The safety head provided by the member L thereupon moves from its seat 3 against the pressure of thespring 5 so that this abnormal pressure is relieved, said head with its valves moving bodily into the cover 6 without damage to any of the parts and the li uid escaplnginto said cover around 'theva ve 24 and between the overhung portion of the safety head and its seat 3.

It will be noted that this relief of liquid or gas under pressure takes .place into the supply rather than the'delivery side of the system or into the air, and. as soon assuch relief has occurred, the spring 5 returns the safety head to its normal position on-its seat, permitting the valves and their asso ciated parts to at once resume their normal operation. It is noted that the outer face of the piston is recessed so thatit receives the depending part of the retaining mem-' ber 11 and lower end of the sleeve 8, sotha-t the clearance is reduced to a 'negligible amount, 7

In that form of in my invention shown in Fig. 2,1.provide a safety head a as in "theother-form of my invention, having its uppered'ge'overhung and designed to cooperate with a serrated valve seat 3 formed by suitably counterboring' the cylinder. Withinthe safety head-II thread-a sleeve 8 retain communicating with the delivery or outlet passage 19, has a series of passages 32 formed in the safety head and in the sleeve 8 leading into the space within the said safety head and to the interior of the cover 6.. The overhung portion of the safety head is held to its seat 3 byia spring 5 which, while relatively strong, is by no means as heav as that in the other form of my invention. Delivery passages from the/Ynterior of the cylinder are formed in the closed end' of the sleeve 8 as indicated at These are arranged in a circular series so as to be simultaneously closed b nular laminated valve 34 mounte within said sleeve and limited as to its movement by the flanged head of a retaining member 11" threaded into said sleeve and extending over, though spaced away, from saidvalve.

flanged cap 43 threaded into its lower end 'so as to limit its degree of opening.

Mounted within this valve is a downward- 1y opening secondary valve 44 normally held closed by a relatively stifi" spring 42. Open 'ings {t5 are provided in thecap 43 so that as the piston begins its downward stroke the exhaustion of the space above it will permit an an-' closed by gravity and having an outwardly llti) gas from the supply side of the system to enter-the passage 36 and flow through the J ports 35 and 37 into the passage 38, into the cavity 39 of the piston and thence through the holes 45, the valve w4:1 moving upwardly to permit this gas to enter the upper part of the cylinder. After completing a portion of its downward stroke, the port'37 is cutoff-from the inlet port 35, the pressure being; decreased above the piston as' this .continues'to,move downwardly until its upper end finallyuncovers said inlet port 35. .,The gas from the supply side of the system 3 I is-now free to flowinto the partial vacuum which has been formed in the cylinder,

ton first cuts ofi the supply port 35 and whereupon the outward stroke of the -pisuntil it raises the valves 23 and 84, allowing the gas to flow into the outlet passage 19. As before, if liquid is drawn into or trapped in the cylinder, the safety head 4 moves bodily upward from its seat 3, permitting the fluid under high pressure to escape into the delivery side of the system. At the same time, opening of the valve 4% also permits the escape of liquid into the cavity 89 of, the piston and thence through the safety head is subjected to abnormal prescylinder having intake and delivery ports;

j a cover for the outer end of the cylinder;

two annular valve seats in the cylinder; a

safety head including a valve portion engaging one of said seats and normally cutting off the cylinder from the interior of the cover; a spring normally holding the safety head on its seat; with a valve operative between the safety head and the second valve seat for controlling the flow of fluid from the cylinder to the delivery port.

3. The combination in a compressor of a cylinder having an annular valve seat adj acent its outer end; a hollow cover normally closing said outer end; a sleeve structure extending into the cylinder and havingan annular overhung portion engaging "the annular valve seat to constitute a safety head; a relatively heavy spring between the cover and said head to normally hold the latter seated; with an annular valve movable with the safety head for controlling the flow of fluid between the cylinder and an outlet port, said last-mentioned valve having a seat in the cylinder.

4. The combination in a compressor of a' cylinder having inlet and outlet ports and including an annular valve seat; a safety valve for the cylinder; a spring normally holding said safety valve to said seat; and a valve carried by and movable with the safety valve for controlling the flow of fluid between the cylinder and the outlet port, said safety-valve being so positioned as to permit a fluid under pressure to escape from said cylinder into said inlet port.

5.;The combination in a compressorof a eylinder' having inlet and outlet ports and formed with an annular valve seat; a safety valve for said seat interposed between the main portion of the cylinder and the inlet port and having a passage into the cylinder; a spring normally holding said safety valve to the seat: a valve carried by the safety valve for controlling the flow of fluid through the passage therein; and a second valve also carried by the safety valve for controlling the fluid flow from the cylinder to the outlet port.

. 6. The combination of a cylinder having an inlet port opening into it adjacent its outer end and also having an outlet port; ahollow cover for the outer end of the cylinder; a safety head seated in the cylinder between the inlet port and the body of the cylinder; a spring acting between the cover and the safety head; a valve controlling the flow of fluid from the inlet through the safety head; and a second valve carried by the safety head for controlling the fluid flow-from the cylinder to the out-let port.

7. The combination in a compressor of a cylinderhaving an annular valve seat removably mounted therein; a spring controlled safety head for the cylinder having a seat portion concentric with but spaced away from the cylinder valve seat; and an annular valve operative between the safety head and the valve seat of the cylinder to control the flow of'fluid between the cylinder and the outlet port thereof.

8. The combination in a compressor" of a cylinder; a spring actuated safety valve normally closing the outer end thereof; and two substantially concentric, annular valves carried by the safety valve for respectively eontrolling the inlet and theoutlet of fluid.

9. The combination in a compressor of a cylinder "having two substantially concentric valve seats and formed with inlet and heavy spring normally holding said safety head in engagement with one of said seats; an annular valve operative between a por tion" of the safety head and the second cylinder valve seat for controlling the flow of fluid between the cylinder and the outlet port; with a second valve for controlling the flow of fluid between the inlet port and the cylinder.,

10. The combination in a compressor of a 'outlet ports; a safety head; a relatively a I meaeia a cylinder having an annular valve seat adjacent one end and formed with inlet and outlet ports a safety head consisting of a sleeve-like structure having an outwardly extending flange for cooperation with said.

valve seat; an outwardly flanged sleeve threaded into said safety head; an annular valve carried by the flanged portion of said second sleeve for controlling the flow of fluid between the cylinder and the outlet port, there being I passages through said ,sleeve into the cylinder; and a. second-aninder and the outlet port may be controlled.

nular valve for controlling the flew of fluid through said passages from the inlet port to the cylinder. t

12. The combination in a compressor of a cylinder having inlet and outlet ports; a

safety head therefor; and an annular laminated valve structure carried by the safety head and having a seat in said cylinder, whereby the flow of fluid between the cyl- 13. The combination in a compressorof' a cylinder having inlet and outlet ports;

a safety head for the cylinder; and two sube" stantially concentric annular laminated valves carried by the safety head for respectively controlling the flow of fluid between t1? cylinder and the inlet and outlet ports.

. The combination in a compressorpf a cylinder having inlet and outlet ports; a hollow cover for the outerend of the cylinder having its interior in communication with the inlet port; a safety head in the cylinder having; passages therethrou'gh; a

spring between the safety head and the cover; a screen for the passages of the safety head held in place by the spring; a valve for controlling the flow of fluid through said safety head from the inlet 40 cylinder having an inlet and an outlet; a

springocontrolled safety head for the cylinder positioned to permit fluid under ab-- normal pressure to escape from the cylinder into the inlet port; and valves for controlling the normal flow of fluid between said ports and said cylinder. JOSEPH F. WINKLER. 

